St. Euphemia's Martyrion

St. Euphemia's Martyrion (HM1LC3)

Location: , İstanbul 34122 Fatih
Country: Turkey
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N 41° 0.46', E 28° 58.521'

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Eufemia Martirionu

English: St. Euphemia who was known to be a saint in the era of Ancient Chalcedon, was killed because of her religious belief on 16 September 303. Euphemia was buried within a martyrion (burial place), out of the city in Chalcedon, done by her family.
The word "martir" meant being martyr for religion in Greek and the churches they were buried in (burial chapels) were called "martyrion".
It was estimated that the church constructed for Euphemia from Chalcedon was the beginning of seventh century. Additionally, according to the estimations, probably, the building that was part of Antiochus Palace was transformed into a church. This building was the first church in which the impacts of the palace architecture were seen in Early Christian Architecture. It was understood that following the conquest of Constantinople, the building was destructed and new buildings were constructed on this. In the excavations made in 1939 and 1942 by Istanbul Archeology Museum and Hagias Sophia Museum, various architectural ruins and frescos were found. Within 14 frames with two stories around the doors at the first niche for the entrance of the church scenes from the life of Saint Euphemia were illustrated. Among them, the birth, burning, and burial, etc. of the saint were present. Also on the other walls, there were frescos of Mother Mary and Jesus, other religion martyrs and the founders of the church. The church was destructed in 1951 during the construction of the Court Building, but the frescos were protected under an eave.
There were many legends about Euphemia. According to one of these, her coffin was thrown in the sea by iconoclasts, but the fishermen in Lemnos Island found this coffin after some time. The bones through to belong to Euphemia are with the coffin made in Hagios Georgios Church that is a church of the Patriarchy in Russia and sent as a present.




Turkish: Antik Halkedon'un Hıristiyan doneminde azize olarak tanınan Eufemia, inancı yüzünden 16 Eylül 303'te öldürülmüştür. Eufemian'ın Halkedon'da şehrin dışında ailesinin yaptırdığı bir martirion'a (mezar binası) gömülmüştür.

Grekçe bir kelime olan "martir"din uğruna şehit olanlar için kullanılır, onların gömüldüğü kiliselere (mezar şapelleri) "martirion"denilir.

Halkedon'lu (Kadıköylü) Eufhemia için yapılan kilisesinin inşa tarihinin yedinci yüzyılın başları olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Yine tahminlere göre, burada daha önceden beri bulunan bir binanın, belki Antiokhos Sarayı'nın bir bölümünün kiliseye dönüştürülmesi sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu yapı Erken Hıristiyan Mimari tarihinde saray mimarisi etkilerinin ilk görüldüğü kilisedir. Konstantinopolis'in fethinden sonra yapının tahrip olduğu ve üzerine yeni yapıların inşa edildiği anlaşılmaktadır. İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzesi ve Ayasofya Müzeleri tarafından 1939 ve 1942 yıllarında yapılan kazılarda çeşitli mimari kalıntılar ve freskler bulunmuştur. Kilisenin batıdaki giriş bölümünün ilk nişindeki kapıların çevresinde iki katlı 14 çerçeve içinde Azize Eufhemia'nın hayatına ilişkin sahneler resimlenmiştir. Bunların içinde azizenin doğumu, yakılması, gömülmesi vb sahneler vardır. Ayrıca diğer duvarlar üzerinde Meryem ve İsa, başka din şehitleri, kilisenin kurucusunun freskleri vardır, Kilise 1951'de Adliye Sarayınin inşası sırasında yıkılmış, fakat freskolar bir saçak altında korunmuştur.

Eufhemia hakkında çok sayıda efsane mevcuttur. Bunlardan birine göre tabutunu ikonoklastlar (Put kırıcılar) denize atmış ama bir süre sonra Limni adasında balıkçılar bu tabutu bulmuştur. Şimdi Eufhemia'ya ait olduğuna inanılan kemikler Patrikhane'nin kilisesi olan Hagios Georgios Kilisesınde Rusya'da yapılıp armağan olarak gönderilen tabutta bulunmaktadır.


Arabic: To read the Arabic text, click on the Arabic image to enlarge it.
Details
HM NumberHM1LC3
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Placed ByIstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi (Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality)
Marker ConditionNo reports yet
Date Added Friday, June 26th, 2015 at 10:01am PDT -07:00
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Locationbig map
UTM (WGS84 Datum)26T E 333884 N 4541487
Decimal Degrees41.00766667, 28.97535000
Degrees and Decimal MinutesN 41° 0.46', E 28° 58.521'
Degrees, Minutes and Seconds41° 0' 27.6" N, 28° 58' 31.26" E
Driving DirectionsGoogle Maps
Which side of the road?Marker is on the right when traveling East
Closest Postal AddressAt or near Mehmet Akif Ersoy Parkı, İstanbul 34122, TR
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