A Major Federal Base

Carthage's historic courthouse square was the control center of a major Federal base from 1863 to 1865 in the fight to control the Upper CumberlandRiver region. When Union Gen. George Crook arrived in Carthage to stay in 1863, he commandeered the courthouse for his headquarters. From here, Crook and subsequent commanders directed the work necessary forthe construction of the earthworks on Battery Hill and organized excursions into the countryside. In June 1863, Col. William B. Stokes, 5th TennesseeCavalry (US), replaced Crook and waged a determined war against the many partisan units in the region. In September 1864, Stokes asked permission to "clear the country" of Confederates so "to prevent themfrom bush whacking." The last officer in command here, Col. Abraham E. Garrett, led the 1st Tennessee Mounted Infantry, a 400-man unit largely recruited in Carthage and Nashville. Garrett wrote some of his morning reports in the county's will books. After the war, heremained in Carthage, where he was an attorney and also represented Smith County in the TennesseeGeneral Assembly.

At the northwest corner of the square is the historic Carthage City Cemetery, which contains the remains of both Confederate and Federal soldiers and officers. Confederate Col. John A. Fite is buried there, as areUnion Cols. Abraham E. Garrett and William B. Pickering. The square also includes a Confederate monument erected in 1930 by the Henry W. HartChapter of United Daughters of the Confederacy.

(Inscription under the photo in the lower left)
The first courthouse was built in 1805. It was fiftyfeet square with four offices and a hall on the firstfloor and two offices and courtroom on the secondfloor. The present courthouse was built a few yearsafter the Civil War and is listed in the NationalRegister of Historic Places.

(Inscription under the photo in the lower right)
Thirteen Civil War veterans gathered at the Smith County Courthouse in 1926. By this time, the number of Civil War survivors had dewindled to merely a handful. - Courtesy of Lecil McDonald, Smith County resident, WWII Veteran

Smith County Courthouse

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Show me all markers in:  Carthage, TN  |  Smith County  |  37030  |  Tennessee  |  United States of America

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