March 16th Martyrs

March 16th Martyrs (HM1LG4)

Location: , İstanbul 34134 Fatih
Country: Turkey
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N 41° 0.744', E 28° 57.572'

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On Altı Mart Şehitleri

English:
The "March 16th Martyrs" is an event that took place on 16th March 1920 when the military station in Şehzadebaş was raided and six soldiers killed during the British occupation of Istanbul. After the Armistice
of Mudros was signed on 30th October 1918, the Entente Powers' fleets anchored their battleships in front of Dolmabahçe Palace and landed troops.This was not a complete occupation, however. As a result of these events, the nationwide movement which took place during 1919 under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal became more powerful. Also Salih Hulusi Pasha, who became the Grand Vizier on 8th March 1920, also showed a tendency to support the nationwide movement. On 17th February 1920, the Chamber of Deputies of the Ottoman Empire accepted the National Oath. Considering that the Nationwide Movement had officially won recognition in France, the British government began to worry and took the decision to occupy Istanbul against these developments. It also stressed this idea to its allies. They decided to limit occupation to Istanbul and not to intervene with civil authorities. On 16th
March 1920, British battleships anchored at the Bosporus began to land troops early in the morning. At around 05:30, a British corps came to the 10th
Division Headquarters in Şehzadebaşi and killed the security guard who tried to block their way in order to enter the building. British soldiers first killed a non-com who had run towards the door. Thereafter, they entered the ward where the soldiers were sleeping and killed four of them. Fifteen soldiers were
wounded in the same event. Meanwhile, British corps were occupying strategic points, such as post offices and state offices, and raiding the houses of people who were known to support the nationwide movement. They arrested these people. Following this, the Chamber of Deputies of the Ottoman Empire took the decision after two days of the occupation to dissolve itself.

After the occupation of Izmir by the Greeks, Istanbul's occupation by the British armies reinforced the idea that independence would not have been gained by compromising with the Entente powers and it also strengthened the authority of Ankara government. This occupation is also important since it triggered an increased sympathy for the Turkish national struggle.

Turkish:
16 Mart 1920'de İstanbu|'ın İngilizlerce işgali sırasında Şehzadebaşı' ndaki askeri mızıka karakolunun basılması ve 6 askerin öldürülmesi olayıdır. 30 Ekim 1918'de imzalanan Mondros Mütarekesinden sonra İtilaf devletleri donanmalarına bağlı Zırhlılar Istanbul'a gelerek Dolmabahçe Sarayı önlerinde demirlemişler, karaya asker de çıkarmışlardı. Ancak bu tam bir işgal değildi. Anadolu'da ise 1919 boyunca süren gelişmeler sonucunda Mustafa Kemal önderliğindeki milli hareket oldukça güçlenmiş bulunmaktaydı. 8 Mart 1920`de
sadrazam olan Salih Hulusi Paşa da milli hareketi destekleme eğilimi göstermekteydi. Osmanlı Meclis-i Mebusan'ı 17 Şubat 1920'de Misak-ı Milli'yi kabul etmişti. İngiltere hükümeti bu gelişmeler karşısında, Milli Hareketin varlığını Fransa'ya resmen kabul ettirmiş olmasını da göz önüne alarak, endişeye kapıldı ve İstanbul'u işgal etmeye karar verdi. Bu fikri, müttefiklerine de kabul ettirdi. Karara göre İstanbul'un işgaliyle yetinilecek ama sivil yönetime karışılmayacaktı. 16 Mart 1920'de Boğaziçindeki İngiliz zırhlıları sabahın erken saatlerinde karaya asker çıkarmaya başladılar. Bir İngiliz müfrezesi saat 05.30 sıralarında Şehzadebaşrndaki 10.Tümen Karargâhı'na geldi ve silahına davranan Nizamiye nöbetçisini öldürdükten sonra binanın içine girdi. İngiliz askerleri önce kapıya doğru koşan bir onbaşıyı daha sonra da askeri mızıka erlerinin uyumakta olduğu koğuşa girerek buradaki erlerden dördünü şehit ettiler. Olay sırasında 15 Er de yaralanmıştır. Bu sırada kentin diğer yerlerine dağılan İngiliz müfrezeleri dem stratejik noktaları, postaneleri, resmi daireleri işgal etmekte ve milli hareketi desteklediği bilinen kişilerin evlerini basarak tutuklamaktaydı. Bunun üzerine Osmanlı Meclis-i Mebusan'ı işgalden iki gün sonra aldığı bir kararla kendisini feshetti.

İzmir'in Yunanlılarca işgalinden sonra İstanbul'un da İngilizler tarafından işgal edilmesi, bağımsızlığın itilaf devletleriyle uzlaşarak kazanılamayacağı düşüncesini ve Ankara'nın otoritesini güçlendirdi. Bu işgal İstanbul halkı arasında milli harekete duyulan sempatiyi arttırması bakımından da önem taşımaktadır.

Arabic: To read the Arabic text, click on the Arabic image to enlarge it.
Details
HM NumberHM1LG4
Tags
Placed ByIstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi (Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality)
Marker ConditionNo reports yet
Date Added Thursday, July 2nd, 2015 at 2:01pm PDT -07:00
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Locationbig map
UTM (WGS84 Datum)26T E 335226 N 4541982
Decimal Degrees41.01240000, 28.95953333
Degrees and Decimal MinutesN 41° 0.744', E 28° 57.572'
Degrees, Minutes and Seconds41° 0' 44.64" N, 28° 57' 34.32" E
Driving DirectionsGoogle Maps
Area Code(s)239
Which side of the road?Marker is on the right when traveling North
Closest Postal AddressAt or near 2 Şehzadebaşı Cd., İstanbul 34134, TR
Alternative Maps Google Maps, MapQuest, Bing Maps, Yahoo Maps, MSR Maps, OpenCycleMap, MyTopo Maps, OpenStreetMap

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