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historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM242G_iron-and-steel-a-history_Bethlehem-PA.html
People have been producing iron and steel for thousands of years, heating up iron ores and limestone by burning charcoal, anthracite coal or coke (a fuel derived from coal) to create a sturdy metal. Iron-whether it is hammered ("wrought") into sha…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM242B_air-products_Bethlehem-PA.html
Air Products, founded in 1940, revolutionized the supply of industrial gases on the novel concept of building a plant next to a steel mill and piping oxygen directly to the customer. That transformative idea was reflected in the "A" of Air Product…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1IHV_john-fritz_Bethlehem-PA.html
The famed mechanical engineer was superintendent of Johnstown's Cambria Iron Works, 1854-60, & Bethlehem Iron Company, 1860-92. Pioneered in production of rails and armor plate. A Lehigh trustee, he endowed the engineering laboratory here.
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1IDV_catherine-drinker-bowen_Bethlehem-PA.html
Author & historian. Her works include books on Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. "Yankee from Olympus", Sir Edward Coke "Lion and the Throne", & the U.S. Constitution "Miracle at Philadelphia". She lived here during her fath…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ICS_charles-m-schwab_Bethlehem-PA.html
American industrialist and pioneer of the US steel industry. Schwab established Bethlehem Steel Corporation in 1904. By World War I, it was among the largest steel producers in the world and a major contributor to the war effort. Schwab's South Be…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ICH_bethlehem-steel-plant_Bethlehem-PA.html
Headquartered here, it was one of the most important iron and steel manufacturers in the nation. In 1863, Bethlehem Iron Co. began producing railroad rails. Steel manufacturing began in 1873 with armor plate and guns forged for the US Navy. The pl…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1C5H_1910-bethlehem-steel-strike_Bethlehem-PA.html
In February, 1910, over 9,000 steelworkers went on strike over wages, overtime, and work conditions. A striker was shot and killed here during hostilities that ensued. The subsequent federal investigation substantiated workers' claims and contribu…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMJZ2_samuel-wetherill_Bethlehem-PA.html
Chemist, industrialist, inventor, and Civil War officer. In 1852 he developed a process for extracting white zinc oxide directly from zinc ore. In 1853 he founded the Lehigh Zinc Co., with a plant here, pioneering the manufacture of zinc spelter a…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMJZ1_henry-noll_Bethlehem-PA.html
The productivity of this Bethlehem Steel worker, referred to as "Schmidt," was key to Frederick W. Taylor's landmark book, "Principles of Scientific Management." Noll was credited with loading 45 tons of pig iron a day in 1899, to increase his day…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMJWC_crown-inn_Bethlehem-PA.html
A two-story log inn, built here in 1745, was Bethlehem's first public house. Located near the ferry that crossed the Lehigh River, it was visited by famous political and military leaders of the era. A bridge replaced the ferry, 1794, and the inn c…
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