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historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1XMD_village-of-brothers-historical_Rocky-Top-TN.html
Major Eldad Cicero Camp, a Civil War Union veteran, U.S. District Attorney, and businessman, never used convicts in his mines. Instead, he established contracts with experienced miners. Fraterville, the name of Major Camp's first mine and the surr…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1XKK_welsh-in-coal-creek-historical_Briceville-TN.html
In the last half of the 1800s, the Welsh in America published books in their native language at a time when it was illegal to do so in Great Britain. Coal Creek miners Rees R. Thomas and his son David R. Thomas donated a rare collection of those b…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1XK4_cross-mountain-disaster-historical_Briceville-TN.html
The Cross Mountain Mine opened in 1888 approximately one mile up Slatestone Road to the west. By 1911, it had two power plants to generate electricity, providing incandescent light for the main entries. Coal was cut by electric chain machines and …
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1XK3_briceville-church-historical_Briceville-TN.html
Built in 1888 by Welsh coal miners, the church and its cemetery are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Miners who fought the Tennessee National Guard over the use of convict labor during the Coal Creek War and the church was a tem…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1XJA_militia-hill-historical_Rocky-Top-TN.html
Fort Anderson was built here on Militia Hill in January 1892 as a base for the Tennessee National Guard to protect convict laborers and restore order. Hostilities escalated with as many as 2500 miners from Tennessee and Kentucky participating in t…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1XJ9_breastworks-historical_Rocky-Top-TN.html
Soldiers of the Tennessee National Guard became easy targets for miners positioned on higher ground after trees were cut from Fort Anderson. Convicts then dug these breastworks to provide cover from attacking miners.
War correspondents from nat…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1XJ8_american-chestnuts-historical_Rocky-Top-TN.html
Convicts cut trees from Militia Hill and surrounding hillsides in 1892 so soldiers could spot attacking miners. Many of those trees were American chestnuts. Convicts and soldiers could not know that a fungus carried by Chinese chestnuts, brought t…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1XJ7_fire-on-coal-creek-historical_Rocky-Top-TN.html
Soldiers responded to attack by firing cannons from here into the Miners Nest encampment on Walden Ridge, located south of the Wye Gap. Soldiers also shot cans filled with mud through the Wye Gap into the town of Coal Creek to signal that the town…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1XJ5_state-coal-mine-historical_Rocky-Top-TN.html
The arrival of General Carnes with the bulk of the state militia overwhelmed the miners by the late summer of 1892. Although they lost the final battle, Coal Creek miners won the war when newly-elected Gov. Peter Turney fulfilled a campaign promis…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1XJ4_siege-on-fort-historical_Rocky-Top-TN.html
The Tennessee Coal Mining Company in Briceville dismissed convict labor in February 1892 and sold stock in the company to miners. Subsequent attempts to convince Gov. Buchanan to remove troops from the watershed failed, so miners attacked at this …