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historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMY8Y_spanishtown_San-Jose-CA.html
Established in December, 1845, Spanishtown developed as Indians, Californios and immigrants from Peru, Argentina and Mexico built their homes on the hill above Deep Gulch. Cinnabar was first mined from a nearby cave known to local Indians. Later i…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMY8W_mine-hill_San-Jose-CA.html
[Side-bar on left]Rotary Furnace Brings New Almaden into the 20th CenturyIn 1939, engineer H.W. Gould designed and built the first rotary furnace. The onset of World War II created a new interest in mercury because of its use in munitions. Gordon …
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMY8S_mining-operations_San-Jose-CA.html
Victoria Shaft (photo right)Named after Queen Victoria, the Victoria Shaft was sunk near the powderhouse in 1890 to prospect the existing Randol workings of the New Almaden Mine.Powderhouse (photo far right)The powderhouse was built in 1866 to hou…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMXNQ_d-retort-and-condensing-system_San-Jose-CA.html
The D retort, line the rotary furnace, was used to recover mercury from cinnabar ore. Whereas the rotary furnace was a continuously-operating system, the D retort was loaded with ore, fired for a period of time (usually 8 to 24 hours), then allowe…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMXNO_shaker-concentrator_San-Jose-CA.html
The shaker-concentrator, also known as a shaker table, was used in gravity beneficiation (the concentration of ore) for sorting fine-grained materials, such as heavy cinnabar, from ordinary rock and dust particles. The beneficiation process was ca…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMXNM_mercury-storage-vault_San-Jose-CA.html
After cleaned mercury is collected, it was placed in iron flasks for transportation to market. A flask of mercury weighs about 76 pounds when filled and a flask needs to be strong because of the density of the liquid metal.
Filled containers of…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMXNL_hoeing-table-and-cleaning-tank_San-Jose-CA.html
Hoeing tables and cleaning tanks were used to purify mercury as the final step in the process of converting cinnabar to mercury. Mercury collected in the condensers of a furnace or retort was contaminated with soot, water, dust, sublimed sulphur […
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMXNJ_cornish-pump_San-Jose-CA.html
A significant problem in mining is groundwater removal. Water limited the depth of early miners until the Cornish pump was introduced in the 18th Century. Cornish pumps originated in the tin and copper mining region of Cornwall, England, and evolv…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMXNI_hacienda-mining-display_San-Jose-CA.html
Preserved here is equipment used in quicksilver mining. A few examples are from New Almaden, but most are from the Guadalupe Mine and were used in the last fifty years of mining, until the mines closed in the 1970s.
The equipment is organized i…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HMRSI_new-almaden-quicksilver-mine_San-Jose-CA.html
For generations the Ohlone Indians followed the path along the Alamitos Creek to find cinnabar in a cave in the nearby hills. They traded the mineral, used it in religious ceremonies and decorated their bodies. Elsewhere in the world, quicksilver,…