Providence Harbor walk at Fox Point & India Point
1. Fox Point and Night Boat Era 1822-1932 Firefly challenges the Stagecoach Era
2. Colonial Wharf at South Water Street: 1910-1942
3. Fox Point Hurricanes Barrier 1961-1966 Construction and 2005-2007 changes from I-I95 relocation
4. Providence River Bride Its design, construction and journey up Narragansett Bay by tugboat
5. Shipping Expands around the Point
6. Fox Point: the 19th Century Port of Providence Downgrades from goods and passengers to coal and scrap metals
7. Welcome to India Point Park
8. Welcome to Fox Point
9. Tockwooten and the Indiamen Ship building and trade with Orient India Point
10. Sails to Rails 1835: Providence's First Train Station
11. Bridging the Seekonk
12. Rogers Williams Landing 1636
Cape Verdean Immigration to Rhode Island
The Cape Verdean community in Fox Point originated from the Cape Verde Islands, a tiny archipelago lying 240 nautical miles off the coast of West Africa. Uninhabited prior to discovery by the Portuguese between 1460 and 1462, Cape Verdeans developed as a mix of Africans, Portuguese, and other European voyagers to the islands. Renowned mariners and seafares, Cape Verdeans began making contributions to New England immediately after the Revolutionary War. Whaling ships from Nantucket and New Bedford, Massachusetts sailed to Cape Verde to enlist crew who were eager to take dangerous and low-paying work, in order to escape the drought-stricken island.
As the whaling industry declined in the late 1800s, Cape Verdeans moved to land-based employment, settling first in New Bedford, Massachusetts.
The trickle of immigration turned into a flood at the turn of the 20th century. Cape Verdean fleeing cycles of drought, starvation, and harsh colonial rule filled the need for cheap labor in the cranberry bogs, textile mills and factories throughout southeastern New England. By 1924, approximately 35,000 Cape Verdeans crossed the Atlantic on Cape Verdean- owned packet ships, arriving in the ports of New Bedford, Massachusetts and Providence, Rhode Island, the second oldest and largest Cape Verdean community in the United States. Cape Verdeans were the first people of African descent to migrate voluntarily in large numbers to the United States.
Fox Point Cape Verdean Community
In Providence, Cape Verdeans settled in old wooden-framed housed along the waterfront and nearby docks, in factories, at Brown University and in the homes of wealthy residents on the East Side. By the 1940s, the Cape Verdean community in Fox Point was thriving as the first American-born generation grew up and began raising their families.
Providence, RI about 1945-1955.
The "Madalan," a sailing vessel from Cape Verde, in dock on the Providence River at South Water Street. Photo by Charlotte Estey, courtesy of Rhode Island Historical Society, Madalan Neg#RHI (E79) 1103
Ronald and Marilyn "Woogie" Gomes, Benvinda Perry, George and Manny Mendes, Josephine Perry sitting on a stoop in Fox Point, 1940s. Photo courtesy of SPIA Media Productions, Inc.
March 1930
The Boys Club on South Main Street was the second home for generations of boys from Fox Point. Established in 1916, the club kept the boys off the streets by offering vocational classes, contests, special events and sports. Photo courtesy of SPIA Media Productions, Inc.
The St. Antioni Cape Verdean Association, founded in 1934 was Rhode Island's first Cape Verdean beneficent society and provided health and death benefits to its members. Photo courtesy of SPIA Media Productions, Inc.
Local 1329 of the International Longshoremen's Association was organized in 1933 largely by Cape Verdeans in the Port of Providence. The union was the economic lifeline for the community. Generations of Local 1329 members "worked the boats," loading and unloading loose lumber, scrap iron, and coal. Photo courtesy of SPIA Media Productions, Inc.
Urban Renewal
Urban Renewal in Fox Point began in the late 1950s with the construction of I0195, which cut through the community.
Gentrification and the expansion of nearby universities by the late 1970s forced out most of the remaining Cape Verdeans. The displaced community scattered to other sections of the city or to nearby East Providence. Rosalia "Mamai" Alves, the matriarch of one of the oldest Cape Verdean families in Fox Point, fought to stay in her house on 88 Pike Street, with the assistance of Councilman John Murphy. They won. On April 4, 1998, Pike Street was renamed Alves Way in honor of the Alves family. The house stayed in the family until it was sold to Holy Rosary Church. On December 12, 2007, 88 Alves Way was torn down and turned into a parking lot.
Cape Verdean Independence Day
Celebration at India Point Park
Cape Verda gained its independence on July 5, 1975 after 500 years of Portuguese rule. The Cape Verdean Subcommittee of Rhode Island Historical Preservation & Verda Commission has organized the annual Independence Day Celebration in Rhode Island since 1977. It is recognized as one of the oldest and largest celebrations in the United States of Cape Verdean Independence Day.
(Side 2)
Down by the old Colonial Line
Where the genteel people boarded boats,
We stole the show from big fat rats
That lived around the pier.
We shucked and tucked and winged
And bucked and waited for them coins.
And when they flew, hunger flew,
Away from skinny lions.
And when they yelled, "Hey,
Come on, boys, dance, "
We worked like hell, sang like hell,
Told'em all "Go to hell"
Out of our coal blackened lungs.
Not too loud through
We needed the dough
Didn't wanna steal more coal
For the stoves that never stayed lit,
For the houses that never stayed warm
For our mommas
Who thought all they were born for
Was to scrub down old downtown stores
On knees, wet in the suds they hid in.
So we said, "Go to hell" through our teeth
And cheered ol' Sneaky Pete
As he drove from a hundred feet for a dollar
And we danced the coal yard step.
Alberto Torres Pereira
May 1973
Boys swimming in Providence River, about 1930. Photo courtesy of Reflections: Cape Verdeans in Rhode Island
Narragansett Electric, March 18, 1954. Providence Journal, Staff photo by William L. Rooney
Packet Ship, date unknown, Courtesy of SPIA Media Productions, Inc.
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