On the morning of May 16, 1863, Gen. Pemberton placed his three
Confederate divisions along a two-mile front extending from the
Raymond Road on the south to the Middle Road on the north - Loring
on the right, Bowen in the center and Stevenson on the left. Gen.
John Bowen, age 32, was Pemberton's youngest and newest division
commander. By 1 p.m. Stevenson's division was being overrun, while
Hovey's federals had taken the Crossroads. Pemberton ordered
Bowen and Loring to move to support Stevenson. Loring did not
respond. Cockrell's Missouri brigade moved to the Crossroads
while Bowen rode with Green's Arkansas brigade and formed on
Cockrell's right. At 2:30 p.m. Bowen's 5,000 men engaged the
federals here and retook the guns of Waddell's Alabama Battery.
He then made a magnificent charge on the federal artillery on
the crest of Champion Hill, capturing 4 guns and pushing the
federals back almost three-quarters of a mile. Bowen's counter-
attack stalled when his men ran out of ammunition and encountered
Crocker's federal division, supported by Hovey's artillery. Bowen's
division retreated across Bakers Creek.
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