A Unique Command

Confederate Col. William H. Thomas organized Thomas Legion of Cherokee Indians and Mountaineers is western North Carolina in September 1862. The people of this area were sometime referred to as highlanders, and local residents called Thomas unit the "Highland Rangers." Thomas eventually recruited more than 2,000 officers and men, including two companies composed of 400 Cherokee. The unit fought in Tennessee, Kentucky and Virginia and largely prevented the Federal occupation of western North Carolina. Part of the Legion served in the final engagement of the war in North Carolina at Waynesville on May 6-7. Thomas surrendered the Legion to Union Col. William C. Bartlett on May 9.



Several Macon County men, both white and Cherokee, joined Thomas Legion. Among the Cherokee were several from Sandtown, a village just west of Franklin in the Cartoogechaye area. The chief of Sandtown, who also served, was Chuttahsotte or Jim Woodpecker, to whom Thomas himself gave a long rifle made by the renowned Gillespie family of mountain gunsmiths.



(sidebar 1)

William Holland Thomas (February 5, 1805-May 10, 1893) was the first and only white man to serve as a Cherokee chief. An influential figure in antebellum Western North Carolina, he was instrumental in establishing the Qualla Boundry (the reservation for the Eastern Band of Cherokee), located north of Franklin. As state senator in 1848, he helped charter the Great Western Turnpike from Asheville through Franklin to Murphy that was essential to the region development. President Andrew Johnson pardoned Thomas in 1866, but illness prevented him from resuming his political career. Thomas is the subject of a 2006 novel, Thirteen Moons, by former Franklin resident Charles Frazier, the author of Cold Mountain.



(sidebar 2)

Col. Thomas gave this Gillespie rifle to Chuttahsotee (also known as Cha-Cha Sottee, Chutahsotih, Jim Peckerwood, and James Woodpecker), a Cherokee who served in Thomas Legion. Chuttahsottee (ca.1799-August 15, 1879) was one of a small number of Cherokee who remained in Macon County after the 1835 Treaty of New Echota, which resulted in the forced removal of most Cherokee to Oklahoma in 1838-1839 on the Trail of Tears. Chuttahsotte and Cunstagih, his wife, who died a few days after him, are buried in the Saint John Episcopal Church cemetery in Franklin, and a marker stands over their grave. The rifle is now on exhibit next door at the Macon County Historical Museum.



(captions)

(left) Macon County Confederate veterans on parade at a reunion in 1900, looking northeast from this spot, with the old Macon County Courthouse on the left. - Courtesy of Macon County Historical Society


(upper right) William H. Thomas - Courtesy North Carolina Office of Archives and History

(lower right) Chuttahsotee Rifle - Courtesy Macon County Historical Museum

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