Mill Springs Battlefield
— National Historic Landmark —
George Henry Thomas
Virginian George H. Thomas commanded the Union army at the Battle of Mill Springs. Because he was from a prominent slave-holding family many, including President Abraham Lincoln, initially questioned his loyalty. His meritorious service here dispelled those doubts.
George Henry Thomas graduated from West Point in 1840 at the age of twenty-four and served in the U.S. Army until his death in 1870. When the Civil War began, he made the fateful decision to remain loyal to the Union. Thomas later said, ". . . turn it every way [I] could, the one thing that was uppermost, [was] duty to the government of the United States." His sisters
never spoke to him again.
Turn it every way I could, the one thing that was uppermost, was Duty to the government of the United States.
The Battle of Mill Springs
Brigadier General George Thomas and his Union army arrived here after a sixty-five mile, sixteen-day march through rains that turned the roads into a muddy morass. Thomas' army finally arrived on January 17. At dawn on January 19, the battle began. When Colonel Mahlon Manson rushed to Thomas with the news, he spat back, "Go back to your troops and fight!"
From here, not more than twenty paces from the rear of the 2nd Minnesota Infantry's line, Thomas directed the battle.
After a morning of hard fighting, his small, largely untried army had won the Union's first major victory and lifted the morale of a despairing nation.
After the battle, Thomas received a promotion to major general and in 1863, command of the Army of the Cumberland. He led Union forces at every major battle in the Western Theater. In 1865, he became one of thirteen officers to receive the thanks of Congress.
Photo caption: General George Henry Thomas earned many informal titles including "Rock of Chickamauga" and "Sledge of Nashville."
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