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historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM17WU_wars-yorktown_Yorktown-VA.html
This lower Chesapeake Bay location has been strategic since early colonial days when a fort was built to protect the colony from warring European powers. In the 17th and 18th centuries, ships loaded with tobacco would form convoys at Yorktown to a…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM17WT_heavy-artillery-at-yorktown_Yorktown-VA.html
Within a few years of Yorktown's founding in 1691, a small gun battery was established along the shoreline. Later, Virginia's Royal Governor Spotswood rebuilt andenlarged the fortification to include 11 cannon. By 1731, the town's battery of betwe…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM17WS_virginia-institute-of-marine-science_Yorktown-VA.html
Across the York River in Gloucester County is the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), one of the nation's leading centers for the interdisciplinary research in coastal oceans and estuarine science.Chartered in 1940 as the Virginia Fisheri…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM17WR_kiskiak-indians_Yorktown-VA.html
Algonquin-speaking people occupied eastern Virginia when the English landed at Jamestown in 1607. The Kiskiak, one of their chiefdoms allied under the principal chiefdom of Powhatan, was located near here on the banks of Indian Field Creek. John S…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM17WJ_york-river-ecosystem_Yorktown-VA.html
Plants and animals in the York River and its watershedprovide many ecosystem services. Forests reduce sediment runoff and excess nutrients, and provide nesting sites for bald eagles, osprey, and herons. Underwater grass beds sustain the young of s…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM17WI_the-york-river_Yorktown-VA.html
Native North Americans called the York River Pamunkee, combining two words meaning upland and sloping to describe its high banks. English colonists renamed the river Charles, in1634, and later York, in 1643.
The river's watershed area drains fr…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM17WF_seat-of-the-county-of-york_Yorktown-VA.html
York County, initially named Charles Shire, was created in 1634 when Virginia was divided into eight geographical areas. At first the undefined county boundaries extended far into the northern and western frontiers. The Town of York has served as …
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM17WE_uss-yorktown_Yorktown-VA.html
Since the October 19, 1781, victory at Yorktown, Virginia, five U.S. Navy ships have been named Yorktown. The first (1840) was constructed at Gosport Shipyard, the present-day Norfolk Naval Shipyard. The 16-gun ship sloop hit a reef in the Cape Ve…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM17WD_civil-war-hot-air-balloons_Yorktown-VA.html
In April and May of 1862, Union and Confederate commanders deployed observation balloons near Yorktown during the Peninsula Campaign. Professor Thaddeus Lowe and Brigadier General Fitz-John Porter gathered intelligence about the Confederate defens…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM17WC_steamboats-on-york-river_Yorktown-VA.html
In 1817, the Baltimore Steam Packet Company, orthe "Old Bay Line," began regular steamboat servicebetween Baltimore, Maryland, and Norfolk, Virginia.The company's boats transported mail, crops, freight,and people along the length of the Chesapeake…